能源科技

我国作为煤炭消费大国，燃煤电厂产生的巨量粉煤灰已构成严重的固废污染问题。粉煤灰(又称飞灰)是以Al_2O₃、SiO₂为主要成分的硅铝质固体废弃物，其堆积造成环境风险与资源浪费的双重挑战。基于粉煤灰与沸石在化学组成上的契合性，本研究聚焦于将粉煤灰转化为高附加值沸石分子筛的技术路径。通过系统评述水热合成法、微波辅助合成法及碱熔融法等关键工艺，揭示了不同方法对产物结构和性能的影响规律。研究表明，所得沸石分子筛在污水处理、气体吸附分离及催化载体等领域展现显著的应用潜力，为粉煤灰资源化利用提供了有效解决方案。

As a major coal consumer, China is now facing severe solid waste pollution caused by the massive generation of fly ash from coal-fired power plants. Fly ash(also known as pulverized fuel ash) is an aluminosilicate solid waste primarily composed of Al_2O₃ and SiO₂, whose accumulation poses dual challenges of environmental risks and resource wastage. Based on the chemical compatibility between fly ash and zeolite, this study focuses on the technological pathway for converting fly ash into high-value-added zeolite molecular sieves. Through a systematic review of key processes such as hydrothermal synthesis, microwave-assisted synthesis, and alkali fusion method, this study reveals the influence of different methods on the structure and properties of the final products. Research demonstrates that the synthesized zeolite molecular sieves exhibit significant application potential in wastewater treatment, gas adsorption separation, and catalytic support, providing an effective solution for the resource utilization of fly ash.